Motorola MCP750 Specifications Page 145
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10
Developing a Device Driver
Understanding the Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Device Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Configuration Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Device Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Command Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
DMA Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Programmed I/O Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Data Chaining Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Installing and Testing the Device. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Installing the Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
Using the Console Processor to Probe the Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5
Validating Slave Address Configurations with the Console Processor. . . . 10-5
Validating Master Address Configurations with the Console Processor. . . 10-6
Understanding the Major Components of a Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6
Initialization Routines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7
I/O Service Routines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7
Interrupt Service Routines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7
Developing the Driver Header File and Data Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7
Developing the Driver Source File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8
Initialization Routines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8
The Init Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9
The Start Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10
I/O Service Routines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10
The Open Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11
The Close Routine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
The Read Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14
The Write Routine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-16
The Ioctl Routine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-17
The Chpoll Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18
The Mmap Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Interrupt Service Routines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-20
The Intr Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Local Routines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22
Error Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-23
Blocking Primitives and Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24
Blocking Primitives and Premature Returns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
- Device Driver Programming 1
- Syntax Notation 4
- Referenced Publications 4
- Contents 7
- Introduction 17
- Organization of Manual 1 20
- Supporting Documentation 1 21
- Understanding Device Drivers 23
- Structure 2 26
- Parallel Execution 2 27
- Interrupts 2 27
- Types of Devices 2 29
- STREAMS Interface 2 30
- Major and Minor Numbers 2 31
- Driver Environment 2 34
- • Master 35
- • System 35
- Master File 2 35
- Driver Development 2 36
- The PCI Environment 37
- Big Vs Little Endian Issues 3 40
- Types of PCI Resources 3 41
- Base Address Registers(BAR) 3 42
- PowerMax OS Support 3 43
- System Overview 4 49
- Caches 4 50
- Memory 4 51
- Data Types 4 51
- (H)VME Addressing 4 52
- Transfer Width Support 4 53
- Address Types 4 53
- Address Modifiers 4 53
- HVME Address Ranges 4 54
- VME Address Ranges 4 54
- Bus Time-Out 4 56
- Bus Arbitration 4 57
- • Straight priority 58
- • CPU Release on Request 58
- Interrupt Lines (Levels) 4 59
- • jumpers or switches 60
- System Overview 5 65
- Caches 5 66
- Memory 5 67
- Timers 5 67
- Interrupts 5 67
- Data Types 5 68
- Byte-Ordering and Alignment 5 68
- VME Addressing 5 69
- Address Modifiers 5 70
- VME Address Ranges 5 70
- Bus Time-Out 5 71
- • Invalid transfer 72
- Bus Arbitration 5 73
- Interrupt Lines (Levels) 5 74
- VME to PCI Address Decode 5 76
- System Overview 6 79
- Caches 6 80
- Memory 6 81
- Data Types 6 81
- VME Addressing 6 82
- Transfer Width Support 6 83
- Address Types 6 83
- Address Modifiers 6 83
- VME Address Ranges 6 83
- VME Devices as Bus Masters 6 84
- Bus Time-Out 6 85
- Bus Arbitration 6 87
- Interrupt Lines (Levels) 6 88
- System Overview 7 93
- Processor Board 7 96
- Memory 7 96
- Timers 7 97
- Interrupts 7 97
- Data Types 7 97
- Byte-Ordering and Alignment 7 98
- VME Addressing 7 99
- VME Address Ranges 7 100
- Bus Time-Out 7 101
- Bus Arbitration 7 102
- Bus Request Levels 7 103
- Interrupt Lines (Levels) 7 103
- PCI Address Decode 7 105
- 0xC0000000 106
- 0xFCC00000 106
- 0xFCFF0000 106
- 0x80000000 106
- 0xA0000000 106
- SYSTEM OVERVIEW 8 109
- PROCESSOR BOARD 8 109
- MEMORY 8 110
- BUSSES 8 112
- TIMERS 8 112
- INTERRUPTS 8 112
- DATA TYPES 8 113
- BYTE-ORDERING AND ALIGNMENT 8 113
- System Data Structures 9 123
- Header Files 9 124
- The cdevsw Structure 9 125
- The cred Structure 9 127
- The adapter Structure 9 129
- Kernel Support Routines 9 132
- BREAK signal.) 133
- Memory Access Routines 9 135
- Address Management Routines 9 135
- Data Transfer Routines 9 136
- Synchronization Routines 9 137
- Sleep Locks 9 138
- Timing and Timeout Routines 9 139
- Interrupt Vector Routines 9 140
- Debug Routines 9 141
- Developing a Device Driver 145
- Device Registers 10 148
- Command Sequences 10 148
- DMA Support 10 148
- Programmed I/O Support 10 149
- Data Chaining Support 10 149
- Installing the Device 10 150
- Initialization Routines 10 153
- I/O Service Routines 10 153
- Interrupt Service Routines 10 153
- The Init Routine 10 155
- The Open Routine 10 157
- • Enable device interrupts 158
- • Lock a non-sharable device 158
- The Close Routine 10 159
- The Read Routine 10 160
- /* number of bytes to copy */ 161
- The Write Routine 10 162
- The Ioctl Routine 10 163
- The Chpoll Routine 10 164
- • 0 if the poll is successful 164
- The Mmap Routine 10 165
- Local Routines 10 168
- Error Handling 10 169
- Protecting a Device Driver 11 175
- • Global variables 176
- • Hardware registers 176
- • _LOCKTEST 178
- • _MPSTAT 178
- Spin Locks 11 179
- Basic Locks 11 180
- NULL pointer 181
- Read/Write Locks 11 183
- Sleep Locks 11 187
- LWP that suc 191
- Using Multiple Locks 11 192
- Synchronization Variables 11 192
- LWP upon 194
- LWP which is in 194
- LWP goes to sleep. No spin 194
- LWPs are sleeping on 196
- LWPswake 196
- Overview 12 199
- DMA into User Buffers 12 199
- 24-Bit DMA Devices 12 203
- Loadable Modules 205
- The DLM Mechanism 13 208
- Demand Load 13 209
- Auto Load 13 209
- Demand Unload 13 210
- Auto Unload 13 210
- Making Modules Loadable 13 211
- Wrapper Data Structures 13 212
- Wrapper Macros 13 212
- Sample Wrapper Code 13 213
- Managing Loadable Modules 13 218
- Unloading the Module 13 220
- DLM Error Messages 13 220
- Dynamic Symbols and kdb 13 220
- Using idtools 14 223
- Overview of DSP Components 14 229
- DSP Component Files 14 230
- Driver.o 14 231
- Master 14 231
- System 14 231
- $version 1 232
- $loadable gt 232
- Mtune 14 233
- Sassign 14 235
- Space.c 14 236
- Packaging the Driver 14 237
- Installing a Package 14 240
- Removing a Package 14 241
- Installing a DSP 14 241
- Updating a DSP 14 242
- Removing a DSP 14 242
- Building a New Kernel 14 243
- Driver Testing and Debugging 245
- General Guidelines 15 248
- Common Driver Problems 15 251
- Timing Errors 15 252
- Corrupted Interrupt Stack 15 252
- Accessing Critical Data 15 252
- Booting Scenarios 15 255
- Shutdown and Reboot 15 255
- Using crash Functions 15 263
- Kernel Debugger 15 264
- Entering kdb from a Driver 15 265
- System Panics 15 265
- Special Considerations 267
- Additional Considerations 16 272
- System Requirements 16 272
- P_PLOCK 278
- Shared Memory Regions 17 282
- User I/O Buffer Descriptor 17 283
- Overview of Error Returns 17 289
- Driver 17 291
- The spl Support Routines 17 295
- Rescheduling Control Tools 17 296
- The Server System Calls 17 297
- The open Routine 17 299
- The aread Routine 17 302
- The awrite Routine 17 303
- The acheck Routine 17 304
- The await Routine 17 305
- Control Functions 17 306
- The close Routine 17 307
- Use of Local Memory 17 312
- MPA_CPU_VMELEV command; 313
- P_SHMBIND 315
- Reset the Device 17 316
- Debugging the Driver 17 317
- Glossary 325
- Glossary-12 336
- I/O 10-7 338
- STREAMS interface 2-6 338
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